Paws off the plate: foods that can spell trouble for dogs

Sharing food is one of the ways we show love, so it makes sense that feeding our dogs from the table can feel like an act of care. But some foods, even ones that seem harmless, can cause real health problems for dogs. As a vet, here are five I'd steer clear of, and why. 

Raw mince 

Raw meat, including pet mince, can carry bacteria like Salmonella, Listeria, Clostridium and E. coli. These bacteria aren't just a risk to your dog — some are zoonotic, meaning they can make people sick too. 

If you'd like to add extra variety to your dog's diet, vegetables and lentils are safe, tasty options. If meat is what you're after, human-grade meat that's been cooked through is the safer choice. Just keep in mind you may need to adjust the rest of your dog's daily food intake to account for the extra calories. 

Bones 

Bones carry a few risks worth knowing about: they can crack teeth, cause choking, or damage the lining of the stomach and intestines. The fat content in bones has also been linked to conditions like pancreatitis and gastritis. 

Treatment for bone-related injuries can add up quickly. If you'd like a lower-risk chew alternative, raw carrots are a popular option many dogs enjoy just as much. And when it comes to dental care for dogs, regular brushing does more for their teeth than bones do anyway. 

Processed treats 

Research has linked excessive consumption of jerky treats and some overseas-manufactured sweet potato treats to kidney disease in dogs. Natural alternatives like fresh peas, green beans, or homemade dehydrated sweet potato treats are a simple way to sidestep the risk. 

“Sugar-free” snacks Human foods labelled "sugar-free" often contain artificial sweeteners, including xylitol, which is toxic to dogs and cats and can be fatal even in small amounts. 

Common sources of xylitol to check for include: 

• Baked goods 

• Yoghurt and ice cream 

• Protein supplements 

• Mints, gum and lollies 

• Soft drinks 

• Toothpaste and mouthwash 

If your dog has a sweet tooth, nutritious alternatives like carob or a small piece of apple or watermelon can satisfy that craving without the risk. 

Cheese 

Cheese is a common one to share, and it's easy to see why dogs love it. The main issue is calorie density — even a small amount can make up a significant portion of a dog's daily intake if it's not accounted for. 

Cheese also contains varying levels of lactose, and most dogs have limited ability to digest it well. A small piece of banana makes a good lower-risk alternative if you're after something to share. 

There are plenty of safe, healthy ways to treat your dog without the risk of an upset stomach or an unplanned vet visit. Knowing which foods to avoid, and what to offer instead, makes it easier to keep treat time enjoyable for everyone. 

FAQs 

What foods should dogs never eat? 

Some foods can pose health risks to dogs, including xylitol-containing products, cooked bones, certain processed treats and foods that may contain harmful bacteria. If you’re unsure whether a food is safe, speak with your veterinarian before offering it to your dog. 

Why are bones dangerous for dogs? 

Bones can splinter, cause choking, damage teeth or lead to serious digestive issues such as blockages or injuries to the stomach and intestines. Some bones can also contribute to digestive conditions such as pancreatitis and gastritis. 

Is raw meat safe for dogs? 

Raw meat may contain bacteria such as Salmonella, E. coli and Listeria, which can pose health risks to both pets and humans. Pet owners considering raw feeding should seek veterinary advice to ensure diets are nutritionally balanced and food safety risks are managed appropriately. 

What is xylitol and why is it dangerous for dogs? 

Xylitol is an artificial sweetener commonly found in sugar-free products. Even small amounts can be highly toxic to dogs and may cause serious health complications requiring urgent veterinary treatment. 

What foods commonly contain xylitol? 

Xylitol may be found in sugar-free gum, mints, baked goods, protein supplements, toothpaste, mouthwash, yoghurt products and some confectionery items. Always check ingredient labels before sharing human foods with pets. 

Can dogs eat cheese? 

While small amounts of cheese may be tolerated by some dogs, cheese can be high in fat and calories. Many dogs are also sensitive to lactose, which may cause digestive upset. 

What are some healthy treat alternatives for dogs? 

Dog-friendly alternatives may include carrots, green beans, peas, small amounts of apple or watermelon, and veterinarian-approved treats. Healthy treats should still be fed in moderation as part of a balanced diet. 

How can I tell if my dog has eaten something toxic? 

Signs of toxicity may include vomiting, diarrhoea, lethargy, tremors, difficulty walking, seizures or changes in behaviour. If you suspect your dog has eaten a toxic substance, contact your veterinarian immediately.